1. (v. t.) to assert or confirm, as a judgment, decree, or order, brought before an appellate court for review.

2. (v. t.) To assert positively; to tell with confidence; to aver; to maintain as true; -- opposed to deny.

3. (v. t.) To declare, as a fact, solemnly, under judicial sanction. See Affirmation.

4. (v. i.) To declare or assert positively.

5. (v. i.) To make a solemn declaration, before an authorized magistrate or tribunal, under the penalties of perjury; to testify by affirmation.